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在ViewGroup中处理触摸事件要格外小心,因为在ViewGroup中有很多子View,而这些子View对于不同的触摸事件来说是不同的目标。要确保每个View都正确的接收了相应的触摸事件。
方法会在触摸事件到达的表面时调用,这包括内部的子View。如果返回了true,那么对象就会被拦截,这意味着该次事件不会传给子View,而是会传给ViewGroup本身的方法。
给了ViewGroup本身一个机会:在子View获得任何事件之前一个拦截该事件的机会。如果返回了true,那么原先处理该次事件的子View就会收到一个的事件,并且原先事件的剩余事件都会被传到该ViewGroup的方法中做常规处理。还可以返回false,这样的话,该次事件则会通过View树继续向下传递,直到到达目标View为止,目标View会在自己的方法中处理该次事件。
在下面的示例代码中,类MyViewGroup继承了ViewGroup,并包含了多个View,这些View我们在这里称之为子View,而MyViewGroup称为父容器View。如果你在水平方向上滑动手指,那么子View皆不会收到触摸事件。MyViewGroup会通过滚动它的内部来实现触摸事件的处理。不管如何,如果你按下了子View中的按钮,或者在垂直方向上滑动,那么ViewGroup则不会去拦截这些事件,因为子View是该次事件的目标View。在这些情况下,应该返回false,且MyViewGroup的方法也不会被调用。
public class MyViewGroup extends ViewGroup { private int mTouchSlop; ... ViewConfiguration vc = ViewConfiguration.get(view.getContext()); mTouchSlop = vc.getScaledTouchSlop(); ... @Override public boolean onInterceptTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev) { /* * This method JUST determines whether we want to intercept the motion. * If we return true, onTouchEvent will be called and we do the actual * scrolling there. */ final int action = MotionEventCompat.getActionMasked(ev); // Always handle the case of the touch gesture being complete. if (action == MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL || action == MotionEvent.ACTION_UP) { // Release the scroll. mIsScrolling = false; return false; // Do not intercept touch event, let the child handle it } switch (action) { case MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE: { if (mIsScrolling) { // We're currently scrolling, so yes, intercept the // touch event! return true; } // If the user has dragged her finger horizontally more than // the touch slop, start the scroll // left as an exercise for the reader final int xDiff = calculateDistanceX(ev); // Touch slop should be calculated using ViewConfiguration // constants. if (xDiff > mTouchSlop) { // Start scrolling! mIsScrolling = true; return true; } break; } ... } // In general, we don't want to intercept touch events. They should be // handled by the child view. return false; } @Override public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev) { // Here we actually handle the touch event (e.g. if the action is ACTION_MOVE, // scroll this container). // This method will only be called if the touch event was intercepted in // onInterceptTouchEvent ... }}
这里要注意,ViewGroup还提供了方法。当子View不希望它的父容器及祖先容器拦截触摸事件时,ViewGroup会在 方法中对其进行调用,从而判断是否要拦截本次事件。
在上面的代码中使用了来初始化一个名为mTouchSlop的变量。你可以使用来访问Android系统所使用的常用距离、速度及时间。
“mTouchSlop”引用了触摸事件在被拦截之前手指移动的以像素为单位的距离。Touch slop经常被用来在用户在执行触摸操作时防止产生意外滚动。
ViewConfiguration的另外两个常用方法是和。这两个方法分别返回了用于初始化滚动的最小、最大的速度值。以每秒几像素为单位:
ViewConfiguration vc = ViewConfiguration.get(view.getContext());private int mSlop = vc.getScaledTouchSlop();private int mMinFlingVelocity = vc.getScaledMinimumFlingVelocity();private int mMaxFlingVelocity = vc.getScaledMaximumFlingVelocity();...case MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE: { ... float deltaX = motionEvent.getRawX() - mDownX; if (Math.abs(deltaX) > mSlop) { // A swipe occurred, do something }...case MotionEvent.ACTION_UP: { ... } if (mMinFlingVelocity <= velocityX && velocityX <= mMaxFlingVelocity && velocityY < velocityX) { // The criteria have been satisfied, do something }}
Android提供的使扩展子View的触控区域成为了可能。这对于子View本身特别小,而它的触控区域需要很大时很有用。如果需要的话,你也可以使用这种方式来缩小子View的触控区域。
在下面的示例中,ImageButton作为我们的”delegate view”(这里的意思是需要父容器扩展触控区域的那个View)。下面是示例的布局文件:
下面的代码做了以下这些事情:
在TouchDelegate代理的范围内,父容器View将会接收所有的触摸事件。如果触摸事件发生在子View本身的触控区域内,那么父容器View会将所有的触摸事件传给子View处理:
public class MainActivity extends Activity { @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); // Get the parent view View parentView = findViewById(R.id.parent_layout); parentView.post(new Runnable() { // Post in the parent's message queue to make sure the parent // lays out its children before you call getHitRect() @Override public void run() { // The bounds for the delegate view (an ImageButton // in this example) Rect delegateArea = new Rect(); ImageButton myButton = (ImageButton) findViewById(R.id.button); myButton.setEnabled(true); myButton.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View view) { Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "Touch occurred within ImageButton touch region.", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); } }); // The hit rectangle for the ImageButton myButton.getHitRect(delegateArea); // Extend the touch area of the ImageButton beyond its bounds // on the right and bottom. delegateArea.right += 100; delegateArea.bottom += 100; // Instantiate a TouchDelegate. // "delegateArea" is the bounds in local coordinates of // the containing view to be mapped to the delegate view. // "myButton" is the child view that should receive motion // events. TouchDelegate touchDelegate = new TouchDelegate(delegateArea, myButton); // Sets the TouchDelegate on the parent view, such that touches // within the touch delegate bounds are routed to the child. if (View.class.isInstance(myButton.getParent())) { ((View) myButton.getParent()).setTouchDelegate(touchDelegate); } } }); }}
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